Lunfardo: My Basic Glossary of Argentinian Slang #TeamArgentina

I can assure you this is nothing you’ll read about in travel guides or watch in documentaries; in this post I’ll present to you something so common to hear far and wide here: a short introduction into the everyday Language of Argentinians.

Apart from our official language, Spanish, another “language” is spoken in the streets. These are words we use daily, though even most Argentinians aren’t aware they came from an argot called Lunfardo. We ‘re referring to a set of terms (about 6,000) that originated in the River Plate area in the 18th century. It’s said that back then, lombards (coming from Italy) who worked as moneylenders started using these terms borrowed from the different languages brought in by immigrants from around the world through Buenos Aires ports. They would do this so as not to be understood by law enforcement officers.

As years went by, Lunfardo words were being used by most of society’s lowest strata, and continued spreading until they‘d gone across and settled among members of all social classes. It’s worth saying, though, that they still remain as part of very informal communication. Nowadays, Lunfardo is in constant change, as some terms are brought back to being in fashion whereas others are just left behind.

What used to be ‘the secret language of criminals’ it’s now such a big part of our culture that in 2015 the first Lunfardo novel was released La muerte del Pibe Oscar de Luis C. Villamayor by Oscar Conde and two editions of the Lunfardo Dictionary have been published already.

Now, wait no more and have a look at this Glossary that compiles just some of the most widely used words you’re likely to hear from an Argentinian (I’m doing my best here translate them as accurately as possible):

  • Bancar (v): to support or be an accomplice to someone else’s actions, also to tolerate a person.
  • Bondi (n): a bus (from Brazilian Portuguese)
  • Bardo (n) a problem – Bardear (v) to insult someone – Bardera/o: a troublemaker
  • Cancherear (v) being really good at something or acting like it. Canchera/o (adj)
  • Chabón: a young man
  • Chamuyar (v): the act of persuading someone into doing something or trick them into believing something that isn’t true – Chamuyo (n) – Chamuyera/o (adj)
  • Facha (n): a man’s good looks - Fachero (adj.): being handsome
  • Grosa/o (adj): important, outstanding, used to describe a person or a situation (from Portuguese)
  • Mina (n) : young woman (see also Minón: a really attractive young woman)
  • Piba/Pibe: young woman/man
  • Piola (adj): relaxed, easy going, to refer to a person or a situation
  • Quilombo (n): (from Brazil but brought into America by African slaves) a mess, a disaster – Enquilombar (v) emquilombado (adj)
  • Sarpar (v) from the Spanish pasar, made through “verse” (a frequently used process in Lunfardo in which words are formed by switching syllable order) it means to cross the line, to be beyond limitations (with a postisive or negative connotation sarpada/o (adj)
  • Trucho (n) : something fake, bad quality, a cheap imitation
  • Yuta/Cana (n): the police

Well, as you might have noticed, I’m kind of a language nerd (guilty!)! Now seriously, I’ve done my best to sum up the very basics of Lunfardo for you. I hope they come in handy when interacting with Argentinians in your next visit. However, I recommend that if you’re up to start using these new words, do so with people you are close with, at least until you feel canchero at it :wink:

Have you ever used/heard these words? What’s the most frequently used slang word in your language?


This post is included in a series about Argentina, as part of a Team Challenge proposed by @ErmesT .It’s about introducing our country, its culture and traditions.

Read more in the post series Living Argentina.

Find out more #teamChallenge and #teamArgentina.

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@kroza muy buena investigacion!!!

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Este post “se va al carajo”!! jajajaja!!! Podemos agregar esa frase al glosario?. Felicitaciones @kroza , sos muy grosa!! Es un placer laburar con vos.

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Este post “¡Es una masa!”. Sos tan “grosa” @kroza !!!

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Qué bárbaro, @kroza !!

Not sure if this is Lunfardo, but the people I was working with was using this word (that I wasn’t understanding at first, as for me this is a negative word) every time that I was able to sort out from some Quilombo (that means two / three times per day) during my troubleshooting on their plant in Merlo. Unfortunately I didn’t had a Lunfardo/Italian dictionary, so most of the time I had to smile, waiting for someone to tell me what they were saying.

Great explanation

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haha @ErmesT definitely a colloquial expression that may lead to confusion! Now with some of these words you’ll be good to go!

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Genial diccionario de nuestras palabras más usadas, y que más causan confusión entre extranjeros.

Ya veo que Caro y Ceci aprovecharon para decir esto, pero sos una grosa, @kroza !

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Hahaha… @ErmesT … you made me laugh! I can see that @kroza post was very useful as you are already using the word “Quilombo” in a perfect way!! :clap:

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¡Wow! ¡Ese post es genial, @kroza ! ¡Me encantó! Es que la riqueza de la lengua hispana no tiene límites. :slight_smile: Siempre me ha facinado que cada país de habla hispana tenga su propia jerga y que a veces incluso las personas que hablan el mismo idioma no se puedan entender ente sí mismos. :smiley: Lo que no sabía es que en Argentina lo tienen como si fuera un idioma aparte, algo como el Hockney en Londres. :slight_smile:

No sé si te has relacionado con muchos chilenos, pero algunas de las palabras que has mencionado se usan igual en Chile.

La última vez que estuve en Chile encontré un libro ilustrado con las frases más típicas de chile (chilenismos) y ahora para mí es como una misión encontrar un libro semejante para cada país de América Latina. :slight_smile:

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@JavieraAu Thanks! I’m fascinated by languages,too! I live a bit too far from Chile, yet I’m not surprised we share many words, we are neighbors and are constantly visiting each other! In the post you’ve got 2 book recommendations to add to your collection :blush:

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que bueno que te haya gustado el post @JavieraAu , es un gran trabajo de investigación que realizo @kroza , en el post solo hay una pequeña muestra de lo que hay casi como un segundo lenguaje en especial en Buenos Aires y en particular en los barrios dela boca donde inicialmente llegaron los migrantes europeos, como Italianos, Españoles, Judios y Arabes, en varios ocaciones palabras de esos inmigrantes de principio del siglo XX se colaron a la lengua local el Castellano y en otros caso era una manera de ocultar lo que decían a la ley o a otros. Aquí puedes leer un poco mas sobre el lunfardo pero como se que te gustan los libros te comparto dos títulos donde puedes profundizar sobre el lunfardo en el Río de la Plata.

Farid.

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@JavieraAu

¡Que bueno que te gusten los lenguajes propios de cada país! Te cuento que el Lunfardo se metió tanto en nuestra cultura, que además de usarlo comúnmente en el lenguaje coloquial, se ha incorporado en la música (el tango lo utiliza muchísimo, y también ritmos mas actuales como el rock o la cumbia) y hasta en la literatura (El libro El Martín Fierro por ejemplo utiliza muchas palabras del lunfardo).

Se utiliza en todo el país, pero en Buenos Aires es donde mas se afianzó y nos vas a escuchar a todos los Porteños hablar el español con montones de palabras del lunfardo.

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@Male2019 Glad you liked it! I had a great time digging into the history of our language! :nerd_face:

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@kroza si me imagino te felicito!!!

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@kroza , @FaridTDF , @Cecilita ,

¡Muchas gracias por aclararme un poco más sobre el Lunfardo! :slight_smile: Es increíble cómo algo que se ha creado para ser secreto, para ser incomprensible y al final se ha incorporado en la música, en la luteratura y la cultura en general. Como @FaridTDF dijo soy un fan de los libros y por eso muchas gracias a todos por los libros que me han recomendado. @FaridTDF , gracias a ti mi lista de libros crece progrecivamente. :slight_smile:

Lo más chistoso es que si encuentro los libros La muerte del Pibe Oscar o El Martín Fierro definitivamente voy a necesitar un diccionarion de Lunfardo! :smiley:

P.D.: ¡Teienen un equipo increible! ¡Les admiro a todos y para mi será un placer conocerlos algun día!

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A todos nosotros nos gustará mucho también, el poder conocerte @JavieraAu si me confirmas que estarías en el CL19 te puedo llevar un libro que te gustará :slightly_smiling_face:

Farid.

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I really love this post @kroza , @FaridTDF , @JavieraAu

This in inspiring me to write (but it will take time) to write about the hundreds dialect of Italy, with influences from North of Africa, Albania, Jugoslavia, Austria, France, Spain, with variations of the same dialect moving just a few kilometers.

On 1861, thanks to Giuseppe Garibaldi (the hero of the two Worlds, well known also in South America) Italy becomes the one that we know, a single Country instead of a lot of small Kingdoms (yes, you can imagine Italy before 1861 like Game of Thrones).

“Italy is made, now we have to make Italians” is a sentence, attributed to Massimo D’Azeglio, pronounced on March 17, 1861, when the unification of the country was official. One and a half Century later, even if now we all speak Italian, locally we still using different languages.

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@ErmesT Como será de famoso el apellido Garibaldi, que aquí en la Tierra del Fuego tenemos un paso por la montaña para llegar a Ushuaia que lleva el nombre del paso Garibaldi.

Farid.

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@ErmesT what if I told you I’ve heard some Italian dialects here? In the province of Santa Fe, in the central region, there’s a small town called Ramona, where most people are or descend from Piamonte, the older people still speak it quite fluently and the youngsters understand it pretty well, too!

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@ErmesT I would love to read that post! It sounds so interesting!

I need to tell you that your comment remembered something… Recently last year, I diacovered that I am an Italian descendant and I discovered that my grand grand father and grand grand mother lived in Crocefieschi (a little town in Genova) and came to Argentina in 1869. Only a few years later than the year you are talking about! It is so amazing to know about what was happening in Italia in those years!