(…On the eve of 300th Birth Anniversary of the Maratha Queen)
Ahilyabai Holkar became the ruler of the Malwa kingdom after the death of her husband, Khanderao Holkar, in 1754, and later her father-in-law, Malhar Rao Holkar, in 1766.
Ahilyabai’s husband, Khanderao Holkar, was killed during the siege of Kumher. Traditionally, widows in India were often pressured to commit sati, a ritual self-immolation on their husband’s funeral pyre. However, Ahilyabai was prevented from doing so by her father-in-law, Malhar Rao Holkar, who recognized her capabilities and valued her wisdom.
Malhar Rao, a powerful and respected ruler himself, saw great potential in Ahilyabai. He trained her in statecraft, administration, and military affairs. He ensured that she was well-prepared to handle the responsibilities of governance. Malhar Rao’s support was crucial in allowing Ahilyabai to step into a leadership role.
Upon Malhar Rao’s death in 1766, Ahilyabai faced significant opposition from various factions within the court and the broader Maratha Empire. However, she managed to garner support from loyal subjects and key military leaders. Recognizing her administrative and leadership skills, she successfully overcame these challenges.
Ahilyabai’s Rule (1767-1795):
Ahilyabai assumed full control of the Malwa kingdom. Her reign was marked by effective administration, military campaigns to protect her kingdom, and significant contributions to infrastructure and cultural development. She was known for her fairness, strategic acumen, and devotion to the welfare of her subjects.
Ahilyabai Holkar’s ascent to power was a combination of her personal capabilities, the foresight and support of her father-in-law, and her determination to defy societal norms that did not align with her vision for her role in governance.
