Have you ever thought about travelling to Lebanon? No? Well, you should.
No other country has left such a big impression on me than this little country in the Levante at the eastern shor of the Mediterranean. The people, the buzzing life and the wonderful and rich history of this country make it one of a kind.
One of the most beautiful places (among countless others) you can visit is Byblos, one of the oldest constantly inhabitated cities in the world. The local name for Byblos is Jbeil , and you will find it by both names.
A Journey Through the Ages
Byblos boasts an unparalleled archaeological heritage, revealing evidence of human settlement dating back to the Neolithic period, around 8000 years ago. As visitors explore the town, they are met with a remarkable journey through time, with structures representing various historical epochs scattered across the site.
The town’s evolution is displayed in its diverse architectural marvels, including remnants of the medieval town within its walls and ancient dwellings. The layered history of Byblos is visible in its monumental temples from the Bronze Age, Persian fortifications, Roman roads, Byzantine churches, Crusader citadel, and a medieval and Ottoman town. This continuous layering of history makes Byblos an open book, recounting the chronicles of countless generations.
The Birthplace of the Phoenician Alphabet
Byblos is closely associated with the history and dissemination of the Phoenician alphabet, a pivotal development in human communication. The origins of our contemporary alphabet were uncovered here, with the discovery of the oldest Phoenician inscription on the sarcophagus of Ahiram. The Phoenician alphabet revolutionized writing systems and played a crucial role in the transmission of knowledge and culture throughout the Mediterranean world.
The name Byblos itself has historical significance. Its Greek name, “Biblos,” is derived from the export of papyrus to the Aegean through Byblos, leading to the English word “Bible” being connected to “the (papyrus) book.”
From Papyrus to World Trade Hub
Throughout its history, Byblos has been a significant trading hub. It played a pivotal role in exporting valuable cedar and other timber to Egypt, as evidenced by the presence of Egyptian monuments and inscriptions on the site. Its prominence was further demonstrated when it became an Egyptian dependency during the 12th dynasty. The goddess Baalat, worshiped at the renowned temple in Byblos, also found veneration in Egypt.
Phoenician merchants from Byblos roamed the Mediterranean, establishing trade routes and engaging with various civilizations. It was their remarkable innovation, the Phoenician alphabet, that facilitated communication and helped spread their culture and influence across the region.
A Modern Reflection of Timeless Beauty
Today, Byblos continues to enchant visitors with its rich historical tapestry. The town’s archaeological treasures have been recognized by UNESCO, designating Byblos as a World Heritage Site in 1984. Its unique charm extends to the modern town of Jbail, which is adjacent to the archaeological site, seamlessly blending the old and the new.
In addition to its historical significance, Byblos is a thriving tourist destination, offering attractions such as the Church of St. John the Baptist, which dates back to the early Crusader period. Visitors can also explore a wax museum dedicated to the region’s history and the rural Lebanese way of life.
Byblos, with its timeless charm and historical significance, stands as a living testament to the enduring spirit of human civilization. As you walk through its ancient ruins and soak in the Mediterranean breeze, you’ll find yourself transported back in time, where history unfolds at every corner. This remarkable town on the Lebanese coast is not merely a destination; it is an exploration of the roots of our shared human heritage.
Photos
Below you will find a collection of photos I took during my last visit in 2019.
Actually, there is a direct flight from my city to Beirut. I was planning to go on a weekend. But due to the current turmoil, I postponed the post to a later time. By the way, I would like to give a little hint for your articles. Don’t forget to add the map locations of the places you share under your posts.