The google directions api (which gives you the best route from one point to the other) certainly uses some search algorithms that finds you the best route (Shortest path problem - Wikipedia, this does not origin from the AI community but it is of significant importance in AI). It must be using some of the variation of TD algorithms when it updates you with a better route (Temporal difference learning - Wikipedia).
For the map itself I think they are using neural nets to blur sensitive information (e.g. faces). And this is definitely AI related.More and more machine learning is getting better the more accurate maps is becoming with the help of big data