The remains of this temple excavated at Nalanda have been given temple number 12 so that the remains found in exploration, their detail can be recorded systematically. It’s located at the archaeological Site of Nalanda in Baragaon, Bihar.
The remains signify that the temple was built in two phases and is quite attractive and grand in terms of art and architecture. The later phase is built on the ruins of the earlier one on the same plan. The exterior of the earlier temple is decorated with pillars, decorative moldings and niches made to house stucco images, while the exterior of the later temple is mostly plain.
This east-facing temple is built on a high and spacious square platform, which can be reached by stairs. The main temple is located in the center of the structure, while there are four subsidiary temples at the four corners of the Panchayatan temple, which still contain remains of stucco images. Its first phase construction matches with other temples excavated here, it belongs to the sixth century AD in terms of art and architecture. Smaller stupa or votive Stupas remains can be seen around this Temple No.12 of Archaeological Site of Nalanda.
The monks who received the education at Nalanda were given rigorous training in yoga, austerity, physical knowledge, and all the scriptures for their spiritual development.