Hi all,
@DeniGu @LucioV @Bishnu_Modh @SalmaanN @NirajBhusal @omartonti @TPattanaik @muangmin @geliersanta @Lera76
Finally, before we come to the ‘Triangle’ & Sunny 16 Rule, we need to know a few more things.
(Refer the Diagram given by LucioV in MaGIC-10; it will immensely help you to understand this post & in future).
- Aperture (measured as ‘Stops’ - explained, later – It’s simple, don’t worry), has two responsibilities:
- Control the ‘Quantum’ or amount of light entering the Camera &
- Aperture, also determines, The distance / area in FOCUS (Depth of Field).
Simple: (For f number chart, ref LucioV)
#. For Low light Photography, try to take the maximum dia of the Aperture (lowest f may be 2.8 or 3.6 or so…) – the focal are will be limited; background may be blurred.
#. For wider depth of field, go for f 8; ensure proper lighting; expect good results!
#. Even, for wider & sharp focus range, 16 or 22 can be used. Really good light will be needed.
#. And remember, the f number increases, the shutter dia decreases! (Mathematically derived system)
#. For every Stop (f), the light entering the camera will be half of the previous Stop.! ie. from 1.4 to 2, the light entering will be half & from 2 to 2.8, again, half (ie. one fourth of the 1.4), etc.
- “Shutter”: Actually this should have been “Shutter Speed”; ie. The duration of light passing through the Aperture to the Image Sensor, in SECONDS.! If the shutter is kept open for 1 Second, then the Value is 1, if light is allowed for one hundredth of a second, then 1/100 (or mere 100), 1/1000 for sports, etc. Pro Camera can keep the shutter open (Tripod stand only) for, up to 30 Seconds !
Very generally (in normal lighting condition):
#. For Handheld camera, 1/100 (sec) is good Low value;
#. Lightly moving object, 1/200 to 1/400;
#. Still faster, go for 1/800 or 1/1,000. (just giving very basic guide line – Many other parameters also interfere)
- ISO – Not a parameter, just a short-form [explained earlier] (got in here from Film camera). Here, for the time being, we will say,
#. The optimum (or preferred) ISO is said to be 100.
#. ISO Ranges from 50 (Lowest sensitivity = higher light & longer Shutter opening time will be needed)
#. Higher the sensitivity, Lower light & shorter shutter duration can do; but, the clarity will be reduced due to higher Grains Level. [In LucioV picture, this is very clear).
#. Play safe: use ISO, within 1/10th of the maximum ISO, available in your camera.
Interesting: The highest ISO value known to me is ISO 5,00,000 (Sony Alpha S7 series)!
Now, our Sunny 16 Rule:
Just an example (only, due to the length of the post), ‘In a sunny day, f 16 with 1/200 Shutter & ISO 200 is said to be good (Details, later… I am going long…)
Lastly
f 8 Rule: As a fact, if you use f 8, (of course with appropriate, Shutter speed & ISO), generally speaking (under normal lighting conditions, in most of the DSLR / SLR, the result will be good.
(Sorry, little boring – Pl read it in 2 days; I know, that, each of these parameters, are very deep & needs volumes of books to explain; humbly, I have tried to help the common people / laymen – hope it is useful, thanks)
Also, our ‘Triangle’, surely we will complete in the next session. (These, basics are needed for that)
